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See also "dredge-up".

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dredge-up

"By definition, during a dredge-up, a convection zone extends all the way from the star's surface down to the layers of material that have undergone fusion."


That seems to cover elements up to carbon. Not sure heavier elements would be convected?
"The third dredge-up brings helium, carbon, and the s-process products to the surface," (emphasis added)

In the early universe, stars had so little in the way of "seeds" for the s-process to act on that the few seeds that were there absorbed large numbers of neutrons, eventually producing weird stars highly enriched in lead (the end point of the s-process). These stars have been detected from lead (and bismuth) in their spectra.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead_star

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