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The System on Module board is an Inforce 6601 SOM. [0]

It uses a Qualcomm Snapdragon 820 and they provide prebuilt Ubuntu Linaro distros for it, preconfigured for the board.

The camera manufacturer likely just tossed it straight in as configured and thus didn't know how the full disk encryption was setup.

This whole camera design looks like one of those 'we gave this project to some undergrad engineering students who've never designed a commercial product before and had no price target and thus it has a whole damn embedded linux system inside it for merely taking some HD video and stills triggered by some external wiring and saving them to an SD card'.

See also: almost any specialty medical electronic device ever manufactured.

[0] https://linuxgizmos.com/tiny-rugged-com-runs-linux-or-androi...