Without an apple ID you can compile an iOS app, but can only run it in an iPhone Simulator on a Mac.

With a free apple ID (no additional registration needed) you can also install your compiled iOS app on your iPhone and have it working for 7 days before you need to re-install it.

Is it really different from what Google is doing ? Not being to compile or user not being to install have the very same consequence : your app can’t be used.