What level of "hard radiation" are they now getting bombarded by that we will be unable to shield systems from in far future interstellar space travel?
(Unless you count slinging a dead pile of former computers through a distant star system as successful interstellar travel, but that's not what most people are interested in.)
Humans tend to define intelligence, life, and communication based on our own structure -carbon-based biology, electromagnetic signaling, language, symbolic thought, etc. This narrows the scope of our search.
We assume other civilizations want to communicate, would use similar media (radio, light, mathematics), and would send signals we could interpret. This ignores other potential modalities (quantum, neutrino, gravitational, exotic matter, etc.) or entirely non-signal-based forms of interaction.
We may not even recognize signs of intelligent activity if they don't resemble our expectations, ie entire civilizations could exist in forms of computation or energy we can’t perceive.
We assume ET intelligences are aligned with our timeframe or curiosity. Maybe they don’t care to communicate, see us as trivial, or operate on million-year attention spans.
It may reflect less the silence of the cosmos and more the limits of our understanding, especially the assumption that we're capable of detecting or interpreting intelligence beyond Earth. A epistemic humility, or rather our lack of it.
Reading the article, the wall is referring to the heliopause, which is the boundary past the heliosheath. Also, it looks like both voyagers traveled past this over a decade ago.
I don't know if any of this info was speculated at that point in time, but it turns out that teacher was at least partially correct!