Preferences

philipkglass parent
It's related to how long ago the uranium was formed:

https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-c...

We can calculate the abundances of U-235 and U-238 at the time the Earth was formed. Knowing further that the production ratio of U-235 to U-238 in a supernova is about 1.65, we can calculate that if all of the uranium now in the solar system were made in a single supernova, this event must have occurred some 6.5 billion years ago.

This 'single stage' is, however, an oversimplification...

The really interesting thing is that phrase "the production ratio of U-235 to U-238 in a supernova is about 1.65"; the now-rare U-235 is actually more abundant than U-238 in the fresh debris of a supernova. Prolonged aging has preserved more U-238 (half life 4.47 billion years) than U-235 (half life 0.704 billion years) to the point that U-238 is now much more terrestrially abundant. If Earth had been formed with uranium that rich in U-235, there would have been Oklo events all over the place. Uranium wouldn't need isotopic enrichment to be used as fuel in light water reactors. Nuclear fission would probably have been discovered early in the 19th century, soon after the element itself was recognized, because any substantial quantity dissolved in aqueous solution would have reached criticality.


cryptonector
I read GP's question really as: "did all Uranium on Earth come from the same source?" and your answer implies "yes". I think that's right.

The fact that everywhere we see the same U-235/U-238 ratio or very close (Oklo) strongly implies either a single source (supernova) or that if it was more than one source they were all at roughly the same time (6.5 billion years ago), with the latter seeming [to me] less likely, so a single source at 6.5 billion years ago is what makes sense. Unless there were many supernovae and their remnants mixed quite well in our corner of the galaxy where our sun was born.

kretaceous
I don't understand so bear with me.

If the Uranium came from multiple supernovae, then why is it shocking that earth has different concentrations of U235? Moreover, how is it proof of a past fission reaction?

What if that "part" of U235 came from a separate supernova which is a little older and some more of its U235 had already decayed?

ReaLNero
There were unusual elements characteristic of the decay chain following a fission.

After a U-235 atom undergoes fission, one of the outcomes is it releases Barium and Krypton (and some neutrons), which then eventually decay to stable/semi-stable elements. If one of those stable elements is common in the deposit but otherwise rare naturally, it would point to a nuclear reaction having occurred.

Also note that the U-235 decay chain generally looks different from the decay chain following a fission reaction of U-235.

lazide
It’s interesting to extrapolate that to the early earth - radioactive decay and fission interactions likely play a much larger role than we are able to reliably model. Okla is somewhat unique in that the formation survived for us to dig it up - most from that time would not.
keepamovin
This is excellent. I love your depth of knowledge in this subject. I learned a lot from this clear comment.

This item has no comments currently.