I’ve seen the tide beginning to shift among prospective students and some engineers, particularly those from India or China who could face 20+ year waits to get a green card even if they were sponsored. Doubly so with the big cuts in research funding. The last 10 years have shown how capricious the conditions for temporary immigrants are so it’s risky to be in that position unless you plan to go somewhere else after studies or have a clear and fast path to permanent residence/citizenship. As Canadians many of us have decided not to visit the US for tourism until things change. Realistically the US has a lot going for it so things will probably not change dramatically unless the administration continues to damage trust over a long time period and some compelling alternatives appear.