I think my tech life would be more simple if I could use an iPad as my computer, but I can’t see a path there. I’d have to give up too much.
There are power users out in the world that never use a terminal because that's not their line of work. I use the Affinity suite of apps, most notable Affinity Publisher for layout and design work. I regularly design annual reports, newsletters, any number of print materials ranging from brochures, posters, banners, bookmarks, etc. All of it. And I do it all with the iPad and whatever input I want/need at the moment. No problem.
Additionally I use the iPad along with Textastic to code websites the old fashioned way, basic html and css. I started experimenting using the iPad for those particular jobs in 2010. When I sold my MacBook Pro in 2017 I switched to the iPad for all of my new website set-ups as well as website updates for existing sites. Textastic is great for that and I've had no problem.
Last, I do spreadsheet work for a client who runs a retreat center. I process thousands of records per year, managing contacts, retreat signups, mailings, etc all from the iPad and with no problem.
When I want a break or at the end of the day I set the keyboard to the side but within reach.
Another point worth mentioning that I think often goes overlooked by those that don't use the iPad is the variety of interesting set-ups that can be created with it. Because it's not attached permanently to a keyboard it can be easily attached to a multi-arm stand and swiveled to different angles and heights. Just one example. I've enjoyed experimenting with all sorts of different useful arrangements.
The iPad obviously isn't for everyone or every task. But it's kinda bonkers how many people who don't have a use for it themselves just assume that no one else could possibly put it to use.
I was thinking more about people who solely use the iPad docked with the keyboard and trackpad.
I’ve had 6 or 7 iPads. They all end up sitting around with a dead battery after a while, because all I ever want is a keyboard and mouse, and at that point, the laptop is easier to deal with.
When people were confused by the keyboard, Jobs said that death would take care of that. When it came to files, he saw that as a problem that needed to be solved in the system, but I think it is more confusing on the iPad than macOS.
People have had to use files, moving them to floppy disks, burning them to CDs, copying them to flash drives, and now dealing with them with services like Dropbox. I would think files and folders in a home directory would be something people understand now. I think the modern smartphone and tablets made a lot of people regress, and the youngest simply aren’t learning it. The less it’s used directly, the abstract the idea becomes, and that makes systems harder to use, because at the need of the day it’s still files and folder. Avoiding that has so far created confusing layers of abstraction that haven’t worked so well.
I completely agree, and I think this is probably iOS' single biggest design mistake. In trying to hide away difficulties non-power users face managing a filesystem, they've managed to make things both more confusing for novice users and just plain annoying for power users.
I think the issue is that most computer users do understand at least a little about filesystems. They might lose things or accidentally delete or overwrite things, but I think many many people are reasonably okay with the concept "my things are in files, my files are in a folder".
But the app-centric model iOS uses becomes unnecessarily difficult when you need to do anything with a file that extends beyond viewing it in the software that created it. Emailing or copying a file is an incredibly common thing to need to do, yet some of the most technophobic people I know can manage it just fine on a PC because the process is the same for any and every file. The hardest part for them is usually just remembering where they put it.
That one problem is solved by an app-centric file model, but introduces a much bigger problem in that the mechanism to share or copy a file is different for every app! It might be under an "export" option, or it might be under a little abstract picture of a square with an upwards pointing arrow—because of course, everyone universally understands that square-with-upwards-arrow is how you email this to Steve in accounts...
(Yes the share icon is fairly standard across iOS apps, but it could be and is located all over the place, and I'm not convinced it's intuitive that step one of "emailing a document" is "open Word").
I regularly manage thousands of files in nested folders of website projects as well as Affinity Publisher documents in nested project folders, each with hundreds of linked asset files. And this also includes regular use of local network drives, external drives and sftp accounts for websites.
And many apps are now much more flexible in terms of opening and saving files in locations other than the default. It's not identical to the Mac Finder and there are occasional oddities but in my experience it is very capable. But it's nothing like what it was 10 years ago.
Contrast that to how iOS just generally leaves applications to "own" their own data and present them however makes most sense, with only a few exceptions (the most notable being the Photos app, which sorts and displays photos by things that make sense for photos). The place where you'll find the thing you were working on is actually just in the app where you were working on it, which is, unsurprisingly, far easier to explain. Plenty of people get on perfectly fine without knowing or caring about "files" and are not really worse off for it.
The format topic is also something that I see causing frustration, but it is not complicated to understand, as long as someone is familiar with the concept of incompatibility (screwdrivers, human languages, etc.)
In my opinion at this day and age is more an issue of “never needed to learn / cared to” than that of “it is difficult to learn”.
However—at least in my own experience—if you're carrying the keyboard/mouse/trackpad around with the iPad all the time, I found it robs the device of what makes it compelling to begin with (being ultraportable and handheld).
For a stint I was using an iPad Pro with the keyboard/trackpad case, and it made it a far worse tablet. The case almost doubled the total weight and thickness, which made using it much more like to a laptop, but it isn't nearly as capable as my MacBook (nor is it any cheaper).
More power to you if that setup works for you, but I came to the conclusion that I'd just assembled myself a second, worse laptop (which I think was OP's overall point).
If you're going to use the iPad with a keyboard, why not just use a laptop?
I suppose the use case here is iOS game developers who don't want to use their MacBooks, but iPad+keyboard doesn't seem like a fun way to write complex software to me.
iPad Pros have a very capable (and expensive) keyboard which doubles as a great stand. BLE keyboards and mice can be paired with an iPad. Wired keyboards also work.