It effectively does, and collects telemetry. There's also Stripe Radar, however when I was working in fraud for a large e-commerce company we found Stripe Radar to be a very poor product in stopping fraudulent transactions.

There are many competitors in this field and the companies that do this for a living operate a much better service than Stripe. Some of them will even fully refund false negatives if they are later disputed.

I was involved in cutting Stripe Radar and moving to one of their competitors.

Unfortunately, as a small business, you are a target for "carders" and other criminal figures.