With clang, just compiling with -fno-plt gives me:

    jit: 1.003483 ns/call
    plt: 1.254158 ns/call
    ind: 1.254616 ns/call

GCC does not seem to support it though, even if it accepts the flag and gives me:

    jit: 1.003483 ns/call
    plt: 1.502089 ns/call
    ind: 1.254616 ns/call

(tried everything I could think of that would have a chance to make the PLT disappear:

    cc -fno-plt -Bsymbolic -fno-semantic-interposition -flto -std=c99 -Wall -Wextra -O3 -g3 -Wl,-z,relro,-z,now -o benchmark benchmark.c ./empty.so -ldl

without any change on GCC)